Kansas State University (KSU) leads the consortium comprising the Great Plains/Rocky Mountain Hazardous Substance Research Center, which serves Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Regions VII and VIII. The other universities are Colorado State University (pending), Haskell Indian Nations University, Lincoln University, Montana State University, South Dakota State University, Utah State University, and the Universities of Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Northern Iowa (pending), Utah, and Wyoming. All are located in EPA Regions VII and VIII. The center was established in February 1989 to conduct research pertaining to the identification, treatment, and reduction of hazardous substances resulting from agriculture, forestry, mining, mineral processing, and other activities of local interest. In 1994 efforts of center principal investigators were broadened to include programs for minority academic institutions, technical outreach services for communities, and research and re-education for displaced military and Department of Defense personnel.
The center is headed by Dr. Larry E. Erickson, professor of chemical engineering at Kansas State University (KSU). Dr. Erickson is responsible for coordinating all of the center's activities. He is assisted by Dr. Stanley C. Grant, who is the associate director, and by Dr. Richard B. Hayter, associate dean for extension and outreach and director of engineering extension programs, who oversees the conduct of the center's training and technology transfer program. The center benefits from guidance supplied by a 15-person Science Advisory Committee and a 15-person Training and Technology Transfer Advisory Committee. Members of these committees are listed in Tables 1(A) and 1(B).
Robert Ahlert, Ph.D., Rutgers University (expertise: chemical engineering)
Terry Baxter, Ph.D., Northern Arizona State University (expertise: environmental engineering)
Ramesh Chawla, Ph.D., Howard University (expertise: chemical engineering)
David Constant, Ph.D., Louisiana State University (expertise: hazardous waste engineering; chemical engineering)
Mitchell Erickson**, Ph.D., Argonne National Laboratory (expertise: chemistry)
Felix Flechas, U.S. EPA, Region VIII (expertise: environmental engineering)
Randy Freeman*, Ph.D., Monsanto Chemical Co. (expertise: chemical engineering)
Craig McFarlane, Ph.D., U.S. EPA (expertise: plant physiology)
Dennis Murphey, University of Kansas (expertise: biochemistry)
Robert Peters, Ph.D., Argonne National Laboratory (expertise: chemical and environmental engineering)
Robert Puls, Ph.D., U.S. EPA (expertise: soil science)
Michael Tucker, U.S. EPA, Region VII (expertise: biology)
David Veith, U.S. Bureau of Mines (expertise: mining engineering)
John Wilson, Ph.D., U.S. EPA (expertise: microbiology; soil microbiology)
Sandra Woods, Ph.D., Oregon State University (expertise: environmental engineering)
*Chair, 1992-1994
**Chair, 1995-Present
Gil Greenwood, industry (expertise: industrial processes)
Ray Haner, industry (expertise: industrial processes)
Dave Henney, industry (expertise: industrial processes)
William Hotchkiss, govt/USGS (expertise: industrial processes)
Jerry Jones, govt/federal lab (expertise: environmental management)
Prasad Kodukula, industry (expertise: environmental engineering)
Jack Lonsinger*, industry (expertise: industrial processes)
Dale Manty (ex officio), govt/EPA (expertise: federal program management)
Edward Mead, govt/Corps of Engineers (expertise: industrial processes)
Dennis Murphey, University of Kansas (expertise: professional training)
Richard Schlenker, govt/state (expertise: state regulation management)
Holland Shepherd, govt/state (expertise: state regulation management)
Joan Sowinski, govt/state (expertise: state regulation management)
Suzanne Stevenson, govt/EPA (expertise: federal program management)
Alan Wehmeyer, govt/EPA (expertise: pollution prevention)
Catherine Zeman, University of Northern Iowa (expertise: environmental management)
*Chair
Key investigators at non-consortium institutions include Tissa H. Illangasekare, University of Colorado; Joseph B. Hughes, Rice University; Mark E. Zappi, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Carl G. Johnston, Mycotech Corporation; and Joel R. Coats and Todd A. Anderson, Iowa State University.
Colorado State University
Harry W. Edwards
Haskell Indian Nations University
George L. Godfrey
Michael D. Tosee
Daniel R. Wildcat
Kansas State University
M. Katherine Banks
Philip L. Barnes
Bertram R. Biles
Lawrence C. Davis
Larry E. Erickson
L.T. Fan
William G. Fateley
Richard E. Faw
Steven J. Galitzer
Larry A. Glasgow
Rao S. Govindaraju
Stanley C. Grant
Wendy M.Griswold
Richard B. Hayter
Kenneth J. Klabunde
Blase A. Leven
Alexander P. Matthews
J. Patrick McDonald
Frederick W. Oehme
Gary M. Pierzynski
Lakshmi N. Reddi
Charles W. Rice
John R. Schlup
A. Paul Schwab
James C. Shanteau
J. Kenneth Shultis
James M. Steichen
Daniel W. Sweeney
Diana L. Tillison
Walter P. Walawender
Lincoln University
Frieda Eivazi
Montana State University
Anne Camper
J. William Costerton
Al B. Cunningham
Douglas J. Dollhopf
William P. Inskeep
Stuart R. Jennings
Warren L. Jones
Zbigniew Lewandowski
Frank F. Munshower
Dennis R. Neuman
Paul J. Sturman
Robert V. Thurston
Bryan K. Warwood
Jon M. Wraith
Nick Zelver
South Dakota State University
Susan A. Gibson
James A. Rice
Vernon P. Schaefer
John C. Tracy
Tom J. Van Lent
University of Iowa
Pedro J.J. Alvarez
Joel G. Burken
David T. Gibson
Craig Just
Burt C. Kross
Louis A. Licht
Gene F. Parkin
Martin A. St. Clair
Jerry L. Schnoor
M.I. Selim
Richard L. Valentine
Lenly J. Weathers
University of Missouri
Stephen H. Anderson
Daniel W. Armstrong
Rakesh K. Bajpai
Shankha K. Banerji
V.M. Boddu
P.C.-H. Chan
Thomas E. Clevenger
T.L. Feldbush
Daniel Forciniti
Cyrus Harbourt
Allen W. Hatheway
A.L. Hines
Connie J. Hiskey
Shubhender Kapila
S.K. Loyalka
Stanley E. Manahan
Deborah J. Mossman
Thomas J. O'Keefe
R. Lee Peyton
Ravi K. Puri
Robert L. Segar
Dabir S. Viswanath
John L. Watson
University of Montana
Jerry J. Bromenshenk
Chris Heyer
D.G. Klarup
University of Nebraska
Istvan Bogardi
Stephen D. Comfort
Mohamed F. Dahab
Elbert C. Dickey
Robert D. Grisso
Herb Hoover
Gary B. Keefer
William E. Kelly
D. Lewis
Dennis L. McCallister
Shirley M. Niemeyer
William L. Powers
John Rohde
Patrick J. Shea
David P. Shelton
I. Verstraeten
Wayne E. Woldt
University of Northern Iowa
Barbara A. Hetrick
Catherine Zeman
University of Utah
Sam Ghosh
Andrew P. Hong
Jan D. Miller
Robert W. Okey
H.Y. Sohn
University of Wyoming
Lee A. Bulla
Benito M. Chen
P.S. Colberg
Jerry J. Cupal
William P. Iverson
Robert F. Kubichek
K.J. Reddy
Quentin D. Skinner
John P. Turner
George F. Vance
Walter Wilmot
Utah State University
William J. Doucette
R. Ryan Dupont
Conly L. Hansen
M. Kemblowski
Joan E. McLean
Judith L. Sims
Ronald C. Sims
Darwin L. Sorenson
Daniel Smith
David K. Stevens
A decision was made in May 1990 to assign the highest priority to research on soil and processes to clean up contaminated soil. Research proposals were requested based on the following needs and problems which are listed here in order of their priority based on the current mission of the center:
The center has supported research projects at non-consortium institutions through contracts. Less than 10% of the center's funds are allocated for projects at non-consortium institutions.
Diversity of interests in Regions VII and VIII and the large geographic area represented are further reflected in the training and technology transfer program the center currently supports. Much of the center's efforts are dedicated to the support of activities which can reach large audiences with a minimum of resources. For example, issues of the center newsletter HazTech Transfer have been widely disseminated across the nation; an information clearinghouse at the Kansas State University Farrell Library has been established and contains over 1,000 publications, including center-funded theses, dissertations, reports, and videos; the center has held annual conferences on hazardous waste research since 1986 with more than 70 papers presented at each conference; and general public environmental information activities are ongoing. These activities, augmented by some carefully selected special audience functions, appear to provide the most effective means of disseminating necessary technical information across this large and varied area.
The center's base support comes from EPA. Participating schools have all made substantial contributions as well. The U.S. Departments of Defense and Energy have partially supported several research projects. Contributions in support of the center have been received from individuals. Additional funding is also being sought through private industry and other public sector organizations; Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, Conoco Inc., Dupont, and Phytotech have contributed to the center through the Kansas State University Center for Hazardous Substance Research Industrial Partnership Program. Montana State University also has an industrial partnership program. The center's funding is summarized in Table 3.
FUNDING SOURCES CURRENT FUNDING PERIOD FUNDS TO DATE
(May 18, 92-Sept. 30, 95) (Since Feb. 22, 89)
EPA: Five Centers Program $3,406,357 $8,307,637
EPA: Other 1,796,036 2,267,781
Other Govt: Federal
U.S. Department of Defense 3,273,358 3,273,358
U.S. Department of Energy 365,000 915,000
Other Govt: State
Consortium Universities 3,956,998 7,725,001
Non-consortium Universities 219,136 417,579
Private Sector 32,000 64,000
TOTAL $13,048,885 $22,970,356
STUDENT SUPPORT NUMBER FUNDING* Undergraduate 15 $44,096 Graduate 62 1,315,238 Post Doctoral 3 66,000 TOTAL 80 $1,425,334 *Includes Tuition and Travel (Rounded Annual Values) |
The center provides a focal point for hazardous substances research and training and technology transfer in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain areas comprising EPA Regions VII and VIII. A long-term goal is to serve the needs of the 10-state area using as many available resources within Regions VII and VIII as possible. For instance, training and technology transfer events offered by consortium universities and other institutions are listed in the quarterly newsletter HazTech Transfer. Through personal visits, the newsletter, telephone calls, and direct mailings, center staff have emphasized inclusiveness and the idea of "working together for a better environment." Center personnel have made visits to all of the consortia universities, several other universities, EPA regional offices, and other state and federal offices. A variety of professional gatherings and conferences have been sponsored and attended. Approximately 10,000 individuals have benefited directly through center activities.
A large number of the projects funded by the center include a cooperative element. Many of them involve more than one principal investigator; there is cooperation across academic department boundaries as well as institutional cooperation. In some cases, investigators are cooperating with support through two separate projects. Often publications are co-authored by two or more faculty members. These cooperative activities have helped to strengthen environmental research and technology transfer programs at participating universities. Participating students have benefited from working with a team of investigators.
The advisory committees have been most valuable in guiding the center in selecting research and technology transfer areas to pursue and projects to support. On the advice of the Science Advisory Committee in May 1990, the director assigned the highest priority to research involving soil and processes to clean up contaminated soil, thus pursuing a focal area. Many of the new projects reflect the priority on soil-related research. Members of the committee have encouraged research on innovative applications of vegetation in bioremediation and stabilization of soil. Cooperation with other institutions and organizations has been enhanced because of leadership of committee members.
The center's administrative office is in Ward Hall at Kansas State University. Stanley C. Grant, associate director; Blase Leven, program coordinator; Patrick McDonald and Diana Tillison, administrative assistants; and Carla Wolfe, office manager and program associate, manage the office and provide a variety of public services, including responding to many requests for information on the activities of the center and other environmental issues. Wendy Griswold, project manager, provides administrative management for the Native American and Other Minority Academic Institutions (NAOMI) Program at Haskell Indian Nations University. Alison Hodges is the project accountant for the center, and Rita McDonald provides clerical support.
February 1995 marked the completion of six years of federally-funded center activities. This year also marked the tenth year of the center's annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research. During this time, 99 projects have been funded, with over 250 principal investigators and students working on these projects.
While it is very difficult to follow all of the positive impacts of the research, training, and technology transfer activities of the center, estimates show that cost savings due to technology innovation are more than ten dollars for each dollar expended through the center. After six years of research through the center, the utilization of vegetation in the remediation and/or stabilization of contaminated soil is becoming a widely used technology. The number of contractors that are actively incorporating vegetation into remediation processes is growing rapidly and the number of field sites where vegetation is part of the solution is increasing exponentially. Field studies show cost savings of more than 60% compared to conventional pump-and-treat technology. This savings has caught the attention of those who are responsible for remediation within federal agencies and the private sector.
Research on the beneficial effects of vegetation in metals-contaminated soils and mine tailings has been applied at several field sites. The influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis on plant growth and heavy metal tolerance in mine tailings has been demonstrated and communicated. Laboratory and field research has demonstrated which soil amendments are essential to revegetate mine tailings because of the need to improve nutrient availability and water holding capacity. Results have shown that concentrations of arsenic and cadmium in poplar tree leaves are below the level where they would be a health concern for deer and other animals. Center investigators are providing information and advice to those who are revegetating heavy metal-contaminated sites. Vegetative stabilization is often the only cost-effective solution for large acreages of soils and mine tailings containing heavy metals.
Center investigators have developed new approaches to identify and select chelators for separating heavy metals from soil. Quantitative structure-activity relationships and molecular descriptors can be incorporated into models which allow computers to be used to help identify chelators. A workshop on these concepts was presented after the May 1995 Conference on Hazardous Waste Research.
The comprehensive approach to process synthesis and design developed through the center has been incorporated into spreadsheet software by a commercial firm and is now available for implementation by those who do process synthesis for chemical process industries. This will lead to significant advances in pollution prevention, save design costs, and increase profitability.
Center investigators have demonstrated that Fenton reagent is effective for oxidation of a variety of contaminants including munitions compounds such as TNT. Recent work provides new information on the mechanisms of the oxidation process.
Several field projects conducted through the center have demonstrated that bioremediation occurs in the field as predicted by laboratory studies. The availability of oxygen has been shown to be an important consideration for contaminants which must be degraded aerobically. Further research is being conducted to develop cost-effective oxygen transfer technologies. Several companies have provided partial support for these field studies.
The Research and Re-education for Displaced Defense Personnel (R2D2) program was begun this year. Blase Leven, a former Army officer and geologist, was named to the position of program manager for this new initiative. The R2D2 program is national in scope, with all five centers receiving funding to involve former defense personnel in research programs working on center-funded research projects at center consortium universities. Our center provides managerial leadership over the program as a whole. During its first year, this program enrolled more than 70 displaced Department of Defense employees at HSRC consortium universities.
The Technical Outreach Services for Communities project continues to provide assistance to communities impacted by hazardous waste in EPA Regions VII and VIII. Patrick McDonald provides leadership for this program. Recent projects include a full-day Community FI/FS workshop on the Rocky Mountain Arsenal in Denver and assistance with a town hall meeting on the John Garland Park site in Kansas City, Kansas. This program matches the expertise of center researchers with needs of communities to provide customized education and assistance to community groups dealing with hazardous waste cleanups, permitting, and risk assessment issues.
The Native American and Other Minority Institutions (NAOMI) program has benefited over 60 minority academic institutions (MAIs). This year faculty members from six MAIs--three historically black universities, two Native American universities, and one predominantly Hispanic university--participated in the NAOMI Summer Cooperation Program. MAI faculty members each spent approximately two months at a center consortium university working on an existing research project. This cooperative program provides valuable training experiences for MAI faculty members as well as the host center consortium faculty members. The NAOMI program has also produced or co-produced over nine video seminars and one satellite-uplinked seminar.
A very important milestone was marked this year with the 10th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research, which was held at Kansas State University, May 23-24, 1995. The conference drew over 200 attendees and featured plenary speakers Melinda McClanahan and Terry Williams, both of U.S. EPA. Three panel discussions were held at the conference: Research Needs and Opportunities, Community Involvement: Making it Work, and Environmental Needs on Reservation Lands. In addition, five workshops, with a combined attendance of more than 130 people, were held on the two days surrounding the conference. This year selected conference papers were published in a special edition of the Journal of Hazardous Materials. The conference proceedings were again desktop published, with further space-conscious improvements to the format.
Louis Licht, University of Iowa bioremediation researcher and CEO of Ecolotree, Inc., was honored along with a team from CH2M Hill for utilizing a new technology developed by Licht and Gerald Schnoor. The Engineering Excellence 1994 Grand Award was presented by the Consulting Engineers Council of Oregon. Licht and Schnoor's technology utilizes poplar trees to turn landfill leachate into marketable wood fiber.
Kenneth Klabunde, distinguished professor of chemistry at Kansas State University and a center researcher since 1990, was named the 1995 recipient of the Olin Petefish Award in the Basic Sciences. The award was one of the Higuchi/Endowment Research Achievement awards from the University of Kansas. The Higuchi Awards carry a $10,000 stipend that may be used in any manner to support the recipient's research. Klabunde has gained an international reputation for his work in the areas of synthesis, catalysis, fuel, surface chemistry, and spectroscopy.
Through a Department of Defense funded program, the center, Kansas State University-Salina, and Haskell Indian Nations University provided a training workshop on Technologies in Cleanup and Compliance during summer 1995. Thirty-four participants, aged 16-24, participated in the workshop, learning about the responsible use of technologies, environmental regulations, and pollution prevention. Participants who completed the two-week workshop received certification of training in the field of environmental technology.
Following its policy of welcoming new members to the consortium, the center recommended admission of two new consortium members this year: University of Northern Iowa and Colorado State University. Applications for admittance from these universities were unanimously recommended for membership by the center's advisory committees, accepted by the center director, and sent to U.S. EPA for approval. The University of Northern Iowa has been involved with the center in the past by providing a faculty member to the sit on the center's Training and Technology Transfer Advisory Committee and by giving a seminar on vehicle maintenance for the NAOMI program. Colorado State University has been involved with the center for several years, having had a technology transfer project funded under the non-consortium allowance.
HazTech Transfer, the center's quarterly newsletter, continues to be published and distributed to over 4,000 individuals. Centerpoint and Newspoint, joint publications of the five centers, have continued to be published with responsibility for managing and editing of each issue revolving between the HSRCs. Earth Medicine, the newsletter of the NAOMI program, debuted this year. This newsletter is published bi-monthly and distributed to minority academic institutions, center consortium universities, tribal offices, government agencies, and other interested individuals.
This year the center has established pages on the World Wide Web. Center pages include a wealth of information about the center and its programs. Individuals all over the world can access the center's Web pages and find copies of center publications, funded project descriptions, information about center personnel, and general information about the center. The center's home page can be accessed at http://www.engg.ksu.edu/HSRC. There is also a home page for the national HSRC program and some pages on the four other centers.
As shown by the listing of theses and dissertations in the bibliography, many students have helped with center projects while conducting research required for their advanced degrees. Many of these graduates now have important positions with contractors, industry, government, and universities. Their movement from the university to their place of employment has resulted in technology transfer which has enhanced innovation.
The center repository continues to be a resource for researchers nationwide. Publications that result from funded center projects are placed in the repository at Kansas State University's Farrell Library and are available through interlibrary loan. Current holdings stand at about 1,100 items.
As with many publicly-funded programs, the future of the center is unclear at this time. Congressional budget-cutting has made it uncertain how long the national HSRC program will be continued. Despite this uncertainty, goals for the future continue to be made and worked toward.
The 11th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research has been set for May 21-23, 1996, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. This conference, Creating a New Path on the Santa Fe Trail, will be jointly sponsored by the center and the Waste-management Education Research Consortium (WERC), which is headquartered at New Mexico State University. A large number of attendees is expected for this joint conference, and workshops and field trips are being scheduled in conjunction with it.
The R2D2 program has provided substantial new research dollars to the center and has the potential to be an important force in the retraining of defense personnel who have left defense jobs due to governmental downsizing. The center's researchers are moving further toward commercialization of developed technologies, with each project proposal now requiring a plan for technology transfer. By combining the center's potential for commercialized technologies and the retraining of former defense employees, the center can provide the mechanism for moving these displaced personnel into environmental cleanup field positions where they can apply their expertise in emerging technologies.
With the ever-increasing number of users of the Internet and, more specifically, the World Wide Web, center personnel plan to increase the availability of center resources through this medium. In addition to the myriad of center resources that have already been put on the Web, future plans include electronic publishing of the center's conference proceedings and on-line conference and workshop registration. This year the center's proposal to begin an electronic journal of hazardous waste research was the most highly ranked technology transfer proposal. Plans are to publish 20 to 40 manuscripts each year in electronic format. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Adobe Acrobat will be utilized to publish the journal. Through use of electronic media, this document can be published quickly and inexpensively and have the capability to provide hyperlinks to references as well as graphics, video, and sound. In future years, these features could be used to allow users to run simulation models.
February 22, 1989 - September 30, 1995
| Principal Investigator(s) | Budget Total/Current | Completion Date |
Project Title |
| Keefer | $54k/$0k | 1990 | Metal Recovery and Reuse Using an Integrated Vermiculite Ion Exchange-Acid Recovery System |
| Hansen, Stevens | $167k/$0k | 1991 | Optimal Bioreactor Design for Biological Removal of Mercury |
| O'Keefe, Watson | $129k/$0k | 1991 | The Characterization and Treatment of Hazardous Materials from Metal Mineral Processing Wastes |
| Walton | $150k/$0k | 1992 | An Electrochemical Method for Acid Mine Drainage Remediation and Metals Recovery |
| Lewandowski | $96k/$0k | 1992 | Heavy Metals Removal from Dilute Aqueous Solutions Using Biopolymers |
| Faw | $78k/$0k | 1992 | Neutron Activation Analysis for Heavy Metal Contaminants in the Environment |
| Clevenger, Hinderberger | $224k/$0k | 1992 | Reclamation of Metal and Mining Contaminated Superfund Sites Using Sewage Sludge/Fly Ash Amendments |
| Pierzynski, Schwab | $94k/$0k | 1992 | Reducing Heavy Metal Availability to Perennial Grasses and Row-Crops Grown on Contaminated Soils and Mine Spoils |
| Ghosh | $140k/$0k | 1992 | Removal of Heavy Metals from Hazardous Wastes by Protein Complexation for Their Ultimate Recovery and Reuse |
| Dollhopf | $132k/$0k | 1992 | Sulfide Size and Morphology Identification for Remediation of Acid Producing Mine Wastes |
| O'Keefe, Cole, Watson | $206k/$0k | 1993 | Development of Electrochemical Processes for Improved Treatment of Lead Wastes |
| Banks, Hetrick, Schwab | $306k/$0k | 1994 | Impact of Soil Microflora on Revegetation Efforts in Southeast Kansas |
| Schnoor, Licht | $213k/$0k | 1994 | Innovative Treatment and Bank Stabilization of Metals Contaminated Soils and Tailings Along Whitewood Creek, South Dakota |
| Pierzynski, Davis, Reddi, Erickson, Schnoor | $255k/$105k | 1996 | The Use of Poplar Trees in Remediating Heavy Metal Contaminated Sites |
| Lewandowski, Geesey, Roe | $281k/$126k | 1996 | Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Water Solutions |
| Schnoor, Licht, St. Clair, Just, Erickson | $214k/$75k | 1996 | Metals Soil Pollution and Vegetative Remediation |
| Munshower | $335k/$335k | 1997 | Acid Producing Metalliferous Waste Reclamation by Material Reprocessing and Vegetative Stabilization |
| Hong, Okey, Banerji | $143k/$143k | 1997 | Chelating Extraction of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils |
| Schwab, Banks, Erickson | $153k/$153k | 1998 | Fate and Transport of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides in Soil: The Impacts of Vegetation |
| Hetrick, Pierzynski, Erickson, Govindaraju, Sweeney | $170k/$170k | 1998 | Vegetative Interceptor Zones for Containment of Heavy Metal Pollutants |
| O'Keefe | $106k/$106k | 1998 | Design and Development of an Innovative Industrial Scale Process to Economically Treat Waste Zinc Residues |
| Miller | $87k/$87k | 1998 | The Remediation of Hazardous Mill Tailings Using Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone Flotation Technology |
| Principal Investigator(s) | Budget Total/Current | Completion Date |
Project Title |
| Hunter, Culver | $28k/$0k | 1990 | Computer Method to Estimate Safe Level Water Quality Concentrations |
| Schlup | $60k/$0k | 1991 | Adsorption of Hazardous Substances onto Soil Constituents |
| Kross | $160k/$0k | 1991 | Removal of Nitrogenous Pesticides from Rural Well Water Supplies by Enzymatic Ozonation Process |
| Dickey, Shelton, Steichen, Barnes | $338k/$0k | 1992 | Alachlor and Atrazine Losses from Runoff and Erosion in the Blue River Basin |
| Ghosh | $218k/$0k | 1992 | Biodetoxification of Hazardous Solid Wastes by Staged Anaerobic Fermentation Conducted at Separate Redox and pH Environments |
| Parkin | $84k/$0k | 1992 | Biotransformation of Alachlor and Atrazine Under Denitrifying Conditions in Soil-Water Systems |
| Erickson, Fan | $224k/$0k | 1992 | Development of In Situ Biodegradation Technology |
| Illangasekare | $196k/$0k | 1992 | Distribution and Recovery of Refinery Waste Products in Ground Water Aquifers: Experimental Study and Model Evaluation |
| Parkin, Gibson | $259k/$0k | 1992 | Feasibility of In Situ Anaerobic Bioreclamation of Mixtures of Toxic Chemicals; Feasibility of Using Genetically Engineered Bacteria To Degrade Trichloroethylene in Activated-Sludge Systems |
| Characklis, Jones, Cunningham, Lewandowski | $394k/$0k | 1992 | In Situ Bioremediation of Organic Ground Water Contaminants |
| Banerji, Bajpai | $323k/$0k | 1992 | Migration and Biodegradation of Pentachlorophenol in Soil Environment |
| Schnoor, Parkin | $349k/$0k | 1992 | Modeling Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate, and Pesticide Contamination in the Subsurface Environment |
| Yanders, Kapila | $327k/$0k | 1992 | Time Dependent Movement of Dioxin and Related Compounds in Soil |
| Glasgow | $141k/$0k | 1992 | Vadose Zone Decontamination by Air Injection |
| Schnoor, Licht | $246k/$0k | 1993 | Deep-Rooted Poplar Trees as an Innovative Treatment Technology for Pesticide and Toxic Organics Removal from Ground Water |
| Schnoor, Licht | $39k/$0k | 1993 | The Role of Deep-Rooted Poplar Trees in Adding Organic Carbon to the Soil for Pesticides and Toxic Organic Removal |
| Parkin | $135k/$0k | 1994 | The Effect of Redox Conditions on Transformations of Carbon Tetrachloride |
| Kapila, Armstrong, Puri | $280k/$0k | 1994 | Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Upward Mobilization and Photodegradation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins |
| Cunningham, Costerton | $306k/$0k | 1994 | Microbial Transport in Porous Media |
| Tracy, Davis, Erickson, Schnoor | $367k/$0k | 1994 | Modeling of the Use of Plants in the Remediation of Soil and Ground Water Contaminated by Hazardous Organic Substances |
| Licht, Schnoor | $331k/$10k | 1995 | Riparian Poplar Tree Buffer Impact on Non-Point Source Surface Water Contamination |
| Parkin | $214k/$6k | 1995 | Formation and Transformation of Pesticide Degradation Products Under Various Electron Acceptor Conditions |
| Illangasekare | $464k/$11k | 1995 | Modeling for Design and Testing of Treatment and Remediation Technologies for Aquifer Soils Contaminated with Organic Waste Chemicals |
| Erickson, Fan | $269k/$5k | 1995 | Remediation of Soil Contaminated with an Organic Phase |
| Coats, Anderson | $81k/$81k | 1997 | The Use of Vegetation to Enhance Bioremediation of Surface Soils Contaminated with Pesticide Wastes |
| Kapila, Forciniti, Armstrong | $142k/$142k | 1997 | Laboratory and Field Evaluation of Upward Mobilization and Photodegradation of Polychlorinated Aromatics in Soil |
| Bajpai, Banerji, Puri, Zappi | $129k/$129k | 1997 | Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Wood-Treatment Chemicals (PCP and Creosote) |
| Gibson, Tracy, Kennedy | funded through GL/MA HSRC | 1997 | Use of C2 to C18 Organic Acids and Selected Surfactants to Enhance Bioremediation of DNAPL Contaminated Aquifers |
| Parkin, Weathers, Schnoor, Alvarez | $153k/$153k | 1998 | The Role of Metallic Iron in the Biotransformation of Chlorinated Xenobiotics |
| Parkin | $70k/$70k | 1998 | Application of Anaerobic and Multiple-Electron-Acceptor Bioremediation of Chlorinated Aliphatic Subsurface Contamination |
| Segar | $71k/$71k | 1998 | Trichloroethene (TCE) Cometabolism in Fluidized-Bed Bioreactors |
| Schnoor, Burken | $153k/$153k | 1998 | Uptake of BETX Compounds and Metabolites by Hybrid Poplar Trees in Hazardous Waste Remediation |
| Davis, Erickson | $109k/$109k | 1998 | Plant Assisted Remediation of Soil and Ground Water Contaminated by Hazardous Organic Substances: Experimental and Modeling Studies |
| Illangasekare | $144k/$144k | 1998 | Extension of Laboratory Validated Treatment and Remediation Technologies to Field Problems in Aquifer Soil and Water Contamination by Organic Waste Chemicals |
| Principal Investigator(s) | Budget Total/Current | Completion Date |
Project Title |
| Walawender, Fan | $149k/$0k | 1991 | Thermochemical Treatment of Hazardous Wastes |
| Viswanath, Kapila, Clevenger | $462k/$0k | 1992 | Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Adsorbent Materials for Waste Streams |
| Fan | $153k/$0k | 1992 | Experimental Study of Stabilization/Solidification of Hazardous Substances |
| Peyton, Anderson | $154k/$0k | 1992 | Simulation of Three-Dimensional Transport of Hazardous Chemicals in Heterogeneous Porous Media Using X-Ray Computed Tomography |
| Valentine | $172k/$0k | 1993 | In Situ Soil and Aquifer Decontamination Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Fenton's Reagent |
| Klabunde | $394k/$96k | 1996 | Nano-Scale Metal Oxide Particles as Reagents for Destruction and Immobilization of Hazardous Substances |
| Comfort, Shea, McCallister, Powers | $292k/$122k | 1996 | The Fate and Transport of Munitions Residues in Contaminated Soils |
| Dupont, Sorensen, Doucette | $439k/$211k | 1997 | Evaluation of Biosparging Performance and Process Fundamentals for Site Remediation |
| Faw, Shultis | $66k/$66k | 1997 | Application of PGNAA Remote Sensing Methods to Real-Time, Non-Intrusive Determination of Contaminant Profiles in Soil |
| Dupont, Sorensen, Kemblowski, Smith | $62k/$62k | 1997 | TCE Attenuation in Ground Water in Severe Northern Climates |
| R.C. Sims | $148k/$148k | 1998 | Field Scale Bioremediation: Relationship of Parent Compound Disappearance to Humification, Mineralization, Leaching, Volatilization of Transformation Intermediates |
| Inskeep, Johnston, Wraith | $94k/$94k | 1998 | Effects of Surfactants on the Bioavailability and Biodegradation of Contaminants in Soil |
| Rice | $94k/$94k | 1998 | Contaminant Binding to the Humin Fraction of Soil Organic Matter |
| Tracy, Van Lent, Schaefer | $62k/$62k | 1998 | Development of a Systematic Methodology for Optimally Designing Vegetative Systems for Remediating Contaminated Soil and Ground Water |
| Kubichek, Iverson, Cupal | $129k/$129k | 1998 | Identifying Ground Water Threats from Improperly Abandoned Boreholes |
| Turner, Bulla, Skinner | $168k/$168k | 1998 | Biofilm Barriers for Waste Containment |
| Cunningham, Chen | $139k/$139k | 1998 | Evaluation and Modeling of Subsurface Biobarrier Formation and Persistence |
| Principal Investigator(s) | Budget Total/Current | Completion Date |
Project Title |
| Fan | $194k/$0k | 1992 | Computer-Aided Design and Control of Systems for Treatment of Hazardous Waste and Minimization of Waste Production |
| Fan | $179k/$0k | 1995 | Intelligent Process Design and Control for the Minimization of Waste Production and Treatment of Hazardous Waste |
| Principal Investigator(s) | Budget Total/Current | Completion Date |
Project Title |
| Gilliland, Kelly | $128k/$0k | 1991 | Hazardous Waste Management in Rural Communities in EPA Regions VII and VIII |
| Harbourt | $265k/$0k | 1992 | Introduction to Hazardous Waste Management |
| Hiskey | $68k/$0k | 1992 | Introduction to Waste Minimization Technology and Applications |
| Kross | $31k/$0k | 1992 | Remediation of Pesticide Spills: Technology Transfer to Volunteer Fire Fighters |
| Biles | $45k/$0k | 1992 | Technology Data Base |
| Edwards | $20k/$0k | 1992 | Transfer of Manufacturing Pollution Prevention Technology |
| Hayter | $52k/$0k | 1992 | Video Conference |
| Hayter | $35k/$0k | 1993 | Five Center HSRC Training and Technology Transfer Conference |
| Grant | $65k/$0k | 1993 | Superfund PRP Conference |
| Kelly, Keefer, Rohde, Woldt | $77k/$0k | 1995 | A Short Course on Remediation of Contaminated Soils and Sediments |
| Dahab, Woldt | $40k/$0k | 1995 | Development of Pollution Prevention Programs for Small Quantity Generators in EPA Regions VII and VIII |
| Niemeyer, Woldt, Dahab, Grisso | $38k/$0k | 1995 | Waste Management: Development of Pollution Prevention Educational Materials for Farms and Small Acreages |
| Grant | $140k/$0k | 1995 | HSRC Technology Transfer Public Information Services |
| R.C. Sims | $212k/$79k | 1995 | Libby, Montana, Superfund Site: Prepared-Bed Bioremediation in Buried Lifts as Affected by Oxygen Concentration in Soil Gas |
| Thurston | $53k/$53k | 1995 | Training to Advance Environmental Research in Lithuania |
| Cunningham, Warwood, Zelver | $53k/$27k | 1996 | Engineering Scale-Up of In Situ Bioremediation Processes: A Workshop on Biotreatability |
| Grant, Griswold | $804k/$0k | 1996 | Native American and Other Minority Institutions Program |
| Grant, Hayter | $313k/$22k | 1997 | Conferences and Workshops |
| Grant, Hayter | $112k/$10k | 1997 | HSRC Contribution Repository and Information Clearinghouse |
| Grant, Hayter | $297k/$29k | 1997 | HSRC Newsletter, HazTech Transfer |
| J.L. Sims, R.C. Sims | $155k/$78k | 1997 | Guidance for the Use of Prepared Bed Land Treatment as a Bioremedial Technology |
| Banks, Schwab, Govindaraju | $222k/$78k | 1997 | Bioremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Using Vegetation |
| McDonald | $510k/$157k | 1997 | Technical Outreach Services to Communities Program |
| Leven, Grant | $638k/$638k | 1997 | Research and Re-education for Displaced Defense Personnel Program |
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